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Standards of identity for food are mandatory requirements which are set by a governing both that determine what a food product must contain to be marketed under a certain name in allowable commerce. Mandatory standards (which differ from voluntary grades and standards applied to agricultural commodities) protect the consumer by ensuring a label accurately reflects what is inside (for example, that mayonnaise is not an imitation spread, or that ice cream is not a similar, but different, frozen dessert).〔(CRS Report for Congress: Agriculture: A Glossary of Terms, Programs, and Laws, 2005 Edition - Order Code 97-905 )〕 A US trade organization defines the term as follows: "A standard of identity sets out what ingredients a product must contain, which ingredients it may contain, and any requirements of manufacturing. For example, “Whisky” is defined as “a potable alcoholic distillate obtained from a mash of cereal grain saccharified by diastase of malt or by other enzymes and fermented by the action of yeast”. It may contain caramel and flavouring. No other ingredients are allowed. If someone were to produce a whisky containing a dye, they would not be permitted to call the product “whisky”, since dye is not a permitted additive. Standards of identity are set out in the Food and Drug Regulations. They may be identified by the symbol “()” following the product name in boldface type. As such, they are official common names for products and no other name can be substituted."〔() ''Doing Business with LCBO''〕 A 2014 lawsuit in the United States illustrated the necessity of such regulations. When Hampton Foods implied (in its advertising) that mayonnaise being marketed by Unilever was not "real" mayonnaise, the latter sued Hampton for defamation, citing the definitions promulgated by the US FDA.〔() ''Why Standards of Identity Matter'', Nunes, Keith, in "Food Business News", 16 June 2014〕 ==United States== Each State within the US reserves the authority to set standards of identity for foods marketed within the state. In addition, the departments of the Federal government carry authority to set requirements for food products that are offered for interstate commerce. Such standards are issued by the U.S. Department of Agriculture,〔() ''Food Standards and Labeling Policy''〕〔() ''Definitions and Standards of Identity or Composition'', Part 319 CFR〕〔() ''United States Standard of Identity for Honey''〕 the Food and Drug Administration〔()''Standard of Identity, Petitions, Food Additives, Food Product Claims, and Organic Food'', describing the requirements of the 1983 Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act〕〔() ''TITLE 21--FOOD AND DRUGS - CHAPTER I--FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES -- SUBCHAPTER B--FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION (Part 130)''〕〔() ''Standards of Identity for Dairy Products''〕 or the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Standards of identity for food」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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